The Problems of Philosophy

1: Russell, The Problems of Philosophy : Chapters XIII-XV [ Russell, Bertrand.The Problems of Philosophy, pp. 68-81] found at: https://learn-us-east-1-prod-fleet01-xythos.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/5c06b1fe1ee88/6638477?response-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%2A%3DUTF-8%27%27Russell%252C%2520Bertrand%2520-%2520The%2520Problems%2520of%2520Philosophy%255Bedit2%255D.pdf&response-content-type=application%2Fpdf&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Date=20190830T071109Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=21600&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAIBGJ7RCS23L3LEJQ%2F20190830%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Signature=a6cc8764b487d7e11cfe2fd09249c5be7159b91ac2429a74eb1bb63a419cc8e1 material 2: Nietzsche, Beyond Good and Evil , Preface, Parts 1, 2, & 3: [§1-62] pp. 3-57. found at: https://learn-us-east-1-prod-fleet01-xythos.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/5c06b1fe1ee88/4351554?response-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%2A%3DUTF-8%27%27Nietzsche-Beyond-Good-and-Evil.pdf&response-content-type=application%2Fpdf&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Date=20190830T071151Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=21600&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAIBGJ7RCS23L3LEJQ%2F20190830%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Signature=312dad5dc7d108abc737bc7aeb8bcd3f3a944b61c0c919cea63fd0e852afb777 After completing this week’s assigned chapters of Russell’s The Problems of Philosophyas well as the other required readings for this week, first, summarize what you learned from reading Russell this week. Then, your main goal in this assignment beyond the summary is find connections between or tie together any theories, themes, concepts, important ideas, arguments, important observations, etc. you find in Russell’s work and the particular philosophical views and the general content covered in the other readings. There will plenty of material that will invite comparison and analysis.Some of the themes or issues you should look for include:whatphilosophersdo(orthepurposeofstudyingphilosophy);thepossibilityofhumanunderstandingofthenatureofrealityinitself;themeaningofthe“appearance-reality”distinctionanditsroleinknowledgeclaims;thenatureandextentofhumanknowledge;thedefinitionoftruthandcriteriafordistinguishingtruthfromfalsehood;thevalueofphilosophy.As you move through the Russell chapters, you will come across the following terms. Be sure you include some analysis and discussion of your understanding of these, from Russell’s point of view as well as whatever other philosophers you are commenting on for that week. (These are in alpha order, not in order of exposition in the text):a priori knowledgeabstract ideascorrespondence vs. coherence theories of truthexistence vs. subsistence induction vs. deductionintuitive knowledgeKant’s synthetic a prioriknowledge by acquaintanceknowledge by descriptionself-evident truthssense-datauniversals vs. particularsThis “Round Up” assignment is intended to result in a brief, informal essay of about 400-500 wordand need only cite the philosophers mentionedfrom the week’s readings (Russell will be cited each week, of course). But no other outside research is required to get full credit for this assignment. Think of it as a weekly summary of what you learned that made the most impact on your thinking or thatyou found to be the most interesting or even puzzling. You are invited to go beyond just explaining what the “takeaway” ideas and theories were for you this week throughdescription and analysis by adding evaluative commentary on the material. Were some ideas introduced but insufficiently or confusingly explained? Were the arguments sound or strong, or were there problems with the argumentation? Were some important points glossed over or missed altogether? Approach this brief essay as a kind of “think piece,” a personal reflection of your learning of this week’s specific content. Avoid just making a list of topics you read about. Work for originality as well as clear and concise expression.