The are three stages of memory processing: encoding, storage and retrieval.

 Encoding is the initial learning of the information. Storage is the process of maintaining the the information overtime. Retrieval is the ability to access the information when needed. The spacing effect refers to the phenomenon that studying overtime helps you learn greater. Massed practice refers to studying everything at once in long, intense sessions. When study for exams, it is important to study effectively. It is easier to remember terms that you study overtime, instead of cramming the night before. This way you are able to encode consciously and attentively. After encoding, the information is stored in the hippocampus, so when the exam comes you are able to retrieve the information. This method is most effective for remembering terms and vocabulary. Another method often used for studying is chunking. This refers to the process of grouping similar terms together to remember single concepts. For example, when studying for a cell biology exam you may group mitochondria with ATP and proteins. This helps to separate information, so that you do not get confused during the exam. When studying, it is important to spread out the learning sessions so that you are able to remember details and the relationship between the terms. PAPER REQUIRE: Post a thoughtful reply to a peer’s post. A thoughtful reply is one that makes knowing contact with ideas and research discussed in the textbook (e.g., where you write about the substance of your peer’s idea, add high quality information, make other connections to the text, etc).